ENGLISH

18卷/4期

18卷/4期

華藝線上圖書館

Pages:

205-215

論文名稱

結合GPS掩星與低軌道繞極衛星之異質平台觀測於大氣溫溼度反演

Title

The Sounding Retrievals from Combined Use of GPSRO and Low Earth Orbit Satellite Observations

作者

張凱威, 劉千義, 任玄, 劉振榮, 林唐煌, 葉南慶

Author

Kai-Wei Chang, Chian-Yi Liu, Hsuan Ren, Gin-Rong Liu, Tang-Huang Lin, Nan-Ching Yeh

中文摘要

全球定位系統GPS之掩星觀測與低軌道地球繞極衛星之輻射強度觀測,兩者均可用來反演三維大氣之溫度與溼度分佈,近年來更嘗試將此兩者之異質平台觀測合併使用,其反演成效不僅優於各單一系統之反演結果,更可以降低反演大氣垂直溫溼度時之不確定性。但目前合併使用時,除了是採取統計回歸反演法之外,二種觀測之配對(co-location),亦直接採取投影至地表之經緯度之垂直配對方式。本研究提出一嶄新的空間幾何配對方式,係考慮掩星觀測於大氣層中,會隨高度而改變的正切點位置,同時低軌道衛星之觀測,對於某一掃瞄角(scan angle)於不同高度之地面投影點及非柱狀之視場空間涵蓋範圍,予以斜向配對,更嘗試以物理反演演算法,將二者資料融合對大氣垂直溫溼度反演。實驗結果顯示,二者融合後的演算法除了仍保有優於單一反演系統之成效外,證實了高品質掩星觀測可以協助降低經輻射強度觀測而反演的產品誤差,新開發的配對方式,更能提高反演準確度,提高反演產品於後續應用時的可使用度。

Abstract

Observations from different platforms may be used together to retrieve atmospheric temperature and moisture vertical soundings, which may provide better accuracy profiles than either system alone from past studies. However, those combined retrieval algorithm followed a vertical-based co-location and statistical procedure, which lacks accurate 3D observational geometry and physical radiative transfer model iterations. In this study, we propose a co-location method that searches for radio occultation (RO) refractivity whose tangent points fall within the field-of-view of the radiances observation, and suggest this method improves the retrieval accuracy over co-location without considering observation geometry, in term of co-location using only observation latitude and longitude. The preliminary results confirm the importance of the newly developed slant path co-location technique. The experiments also yield that the synergistic use of both RO and direct radiances observations has the better retrieval performance than either observation individually through a physical based retrieval algorithm.

關鍵字

福衛三號、掩星觀測、高光譜紅外線垂直探測儀AIRS、三維大氣溫溼度反演

Keywords

FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC, radio occultation, AIRS, atmospheric sounding retrieval

附件檔名

華芸線上圖書館

N / A

備註說明

N / A

Pages:

217-233

論文名稱

單視角影像滅點偵測與三維建物模型重建

Title

Vanishing Points Detection and 3D Building Models Reconstruction from a Single Perspective View Imagery

作者

張桓, 蔡富安

Author

Huan Chang, Fuan Tsai

中文摘要

本研究藉由單一視角的平面影像中,自動化地偵測三個彼此正交軸向的滅點,並針對平面建物與三種常見的曲面結構:橢圓柱型、旋轉曲面、自由曲面,進行不同策略性的三維建物重建。整體流程自具有透視投影的照片或是圖畫中萃取出直線特徵,計算滅點與估算特徵點與其對應之特徵底點的位置。接著利用滅點幾何計算特徵點三維坐標,並迭代校正以降低誤差,最後重建曲面建物參數。使用之影像來源包含電腦模擬、視訊擷取、非量測型相機與真實畫作等。建置成果與現地量測等資料進行量化驗証,同時也針對視角條件進行了誤差分析。

Abstract

This research develops effective algorithms for three mutually orthogonal vanishing points calculation and 3D building models reconstruction from a single perspective view image. In addition, three types of non-planar structures including elliptic cylinder shapes, surfaces of revolution and free-form surface are generated with the developed methods. The proposed scheme begins with line segments detection and filtering from photographs or paintings with fine perspective geometry. Vanishing points, feature points and their corresponding base point were then calculated and minimized random and system errors after iterative fine-tuning algorithms. 3D coordinates of feature points were computed based on vanishing points using single-view metrology. For curved segments, they are extracted separately for particular reconstruction methods. Finally, regular and curved models are then merged based on their shared feature points.    The output imagery of a computer-simulated model, video frame cut, consumer camera and real paintings are used in this study to test the performance of the developed algorithms. Quantitative evaluations of the results compared with ground-based surveying and visualized comparison with raw images indicate that, the developed algorithms can successfully extract 3D information and reconstruct 3D models of specific non-planar structures. The accuracy of the proposed methods is related to the viewing angles due to the vanishing point geometry. A validation of viewing angle tolerance is also provided by given random error during vanishing point calculation.

關鍵字

單視角重建、近景攝影測量、滅點幾何、曲面結構重建、數位房屋模型

Keywords

Single View Reconstruction, Close-Range Photogrammetry, Vanishing Points Geometry, Curve Structure Reconstruction, Digital Building Model

附件檔名

華芸線上圖書館

N / A

備註說明

N / A

Pages:

235-245

論文名稱

結合詮釋資料與領域知識之地理資料搜尋與應用:以遙測影像應用於變遷偵測為例

Title

The Integration of Standardized Metadata and Domain Knowledge in Geospatial Data Search and Application- An Example of Using RS Image in Change Detection Task

作者

洪榮宏, 葉耀鮮

Author

Jung-Hong Hong, Yao-Hsien Yeh

中文摘要

空間資料之多元化與快速成長為空間資訊技術發展之趨勢,詮釋資料(Metadata)在這樣的空間資料基礎建設中扮演關鍵角色。然而由於詮釋資料欠缺因應後續應用需求而預先建立配套之機制,詮釋資料通常僅被視為一般資料流通之溝通媒介,並無法有效彰顯應用上之效益。本研究結合「標準化詮釋資料」及「變遷分析應用知識」,提出一套創新之詮釋資料導向變遷分析機制,藉由結合詮釋資料內容與系統之應用知識,發展搜尋條件自動產生與變遷分析介面預警機制。除有效提升變遷偵測作業在資料搜尋上之效率,更確保所搜尋之資料可正確比較,避免錯誤之決策。除此之外,研究成果也可提供影像詮釋資料因應領域需求而擴展之建議策略,便利於以標準化之方式擴展資料之應用層面。

Abstract

The variety and rapid increase of spatial data will be the major trend in the future Geographic Information development. Metadata plays a key role in the spatial data infrastructure. However, without considering the follow-up application and pre-designing the framework, metadata has long been simply regarded as a communication medium. Its potential application has been extremely limited. This research proposes an innovative metadata-driven framework which integrates the “standardized metadata” and “knowledge of change detection” to assist the search and application of change detection tasks. In addition to effectively enhance the efficiency of data search in change detection task, supplementary information can be provided to ensure the quality of change detection analysis results. As the emerging “Big data” age, the proposed framework enables a variety of domain users to take full advantages of the georesources available in the sharing environment.

關鍵字

詮釋資料、變遷偵測、資料共享

Keywords

Data sharing, Metadata, Change detection

附件檔名

華芸線上圖書館

N / A

備註說明

N / A

Pages:

247-266

論文名稱

航測網形分析模擬器

Title

A Simulator for Photogrammetric Network Analysis

作者

邱依屏, 趙鍵哲

Author

Yi-Ping Chiou, Jen-Jer Jaw

中文摘要

由於攝影測量感測器的快速發展,整合GPS/INS的直接定位系統以及數位航空相機(或稱攝影機)能提供更便捷的航測方位獲取、較佳的像片輻射品質及交會幾何。除此之外,蓬勃發展的空間資訊中建構各類型圖資,在特徵多元及數量豐富的優勢上足資扮演物像對應的控制角色。航測應用廣泛,在不同工作任務上,以上諸多特性也許能全然整合或僅能發揮部份功能,因此針對整合效能的分析以及在精度門檻內可搭配的組合配置探討便成為非常有意義的工作。本研究目的即在建立一套進行上述分析工作的航測空中三角解算器,除了具備傳統的空中三角計算功能外,本模擬器的特色在於模擬地形幾何及航測配置,並透過具彈性的平差模式,藉由方位參數、像片觀測量以及物空間控制在誤差、幾何以及數量上的調動進行各類情境所能獲致的物空間定位精度分析。

Abstract

Benefited from the newly developed photogrammetry-related sensors, GPS/INS tightly integrated with imaging system makes direct acquisitions of orientations plausible and airborne digital cameras with excellent radiometric performance and higher overlap provide good quality of imagery. In addition, versatile and distinct features inherited in geo-spatial information database show adequate potential serving as control entities geometrically linking object space and image space. Due to the diverse applications realized in photogrammetry, the afore-mentioned advantages may be seen fully exploited or partially integrated in practical usages. Therefore, a simulator considering possibilities of any kind of combinations of photogrammetric sensors and data configurations is designed in this work. The simulator includes three components: (1). Terrain simulation, (2). Bundle adjustment with self calibration, and (3). Flexible adjustment models allowing for pseudo observations for parameters. The preliminary tests show that this simulator performs well for analyzing photogrammetric networks

關鍵字

模擬器、航測網形

Keywords

Simulator, Photogrammetric Network

附件檔名

華芸線上圖書館

N / A

備註說明

N / A

Pages:

267-281

論文名稱

物件式分類法於高解析度航照影像萃取崩塌地之研究

Title

Object-based Classification for Detecting Landslides Using High Resolution Aerial Images

作者

孔繁恩, 詹進發, 邵怡誠, 李茂園, 葉堃生, 陳連晃

Author

中文摘要

傳統的影像分類技術是以像元式(Pixel-Based)的方法為主,但若使用高空間解析度的影像時會產生椒鹽效應(Salt and Pepper Effect)的現象,進而影響分類的精度。基於此,本研究利用物件式(Object-Based)的影像分類方法於Z/I DMC (Digital Mapping Camera)航照影像上萃取出崩塌地區域。首先,本研究比較了Mean-shift和Ward二種不同演算法之影像分割技術,並採取分割結果較佳的Mean-shift演算法將航照影像依同質性分割成不同區塊,接著以每個區塊為最小單元進行分類,最後評估萃取出來之崩塌地的精度。研究結果顯示物件式的影像分類方法可以有效消除在像元式影像分類上所產生的椒鹽效應現象,其崩塌地萃取整體精度從87.05%(像元式分類)提升至99.41%(物件式分類)。

Abstract

關鍵字

崩塌地、像元式影像分類、物件式影像分類、影像分割、椒鹽效應

Keywords

附件檔名

華芸線上圖書館

N / A

備註說明

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